Who discovered leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis (from Greek leptos, meaning “fine,” and speira, meaning “a coil”) is a zoonosis, which was first discovered as a disease of sewer workers by Landouzy in 1883. However, Adolf Weil of Heidelberg reported the clinical entity of fever, jaundice, hemorrhage, and renal failure in 1886.
What basis is L Interrogans named?
Prior to 1989, the genus Leptospira was divided into two species: L. biflexa and L. interrogans, names derived from the microscopic shape of Leptospira (hook at both ends: biflexa; question-mark-shaped: interrogans).
What is Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola?
Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola is one of the most important pathogenic serovars for the maintenance of urban leptospirosis. Even though it is considered highly adapted to dogs, serovar Canicola infection has already been described in other animals and even a few human cases.
What is Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae?
Leptospirosis icterohaemorrhagica is a sporadic and epidemic disease which is usually characterized by jaundice and a hemorrhagic diathesis. The organism is a common commensal in rats. It is probably transmitted by contaminated water or soil through the alimentary tract or skin.
Who named leptospirosis?
The disease was first described by Adolf Weil in 1886 when he reported an “acute infectious disease with enlargement of spleen, jaundice, and nephritis.” Before Weil’s description, the disease was known as “rice field jaundice” in ancient Chinese text, “autumn fever”, “seven-day fever”, and “nanukayami fever” in Japan; …
What is the history of leptospirosis?
The written history of leptospirosis began with Adolf Weil, Professor of Medicine at Heidelberg University. In 1886, he described four cases of an acute febrile illness characterised by jaundice, abnormal signs in the central nervous system, hepatosplenomegaly and renal malfunction. The patients recovered.
What is the shape of Leptospira interrogans?
Leptospira is a flexible, spiral-shaped, Gram-negative spirochete with internal flagella. Leptospira interrogans has many serovars based on cell surface antigens.
What is Canicola?
Medical Definition of canicola fever : an acute disease in humans and dogs characterized by gastroenteritis and mild jaundice and caused by a spirochete of the genus Leptospira (L. canicola)
What are the two types of leptospirosis?
There are two main types of leptospirosis. Mild leptospirosis: This accounts for 90 percent of cases. Symptoms include muscle pain, chills, and possibly a headache. Severe leptospirosis: Between 5 and 15 percent of cases can progress to severe leptospirosis.
What are the 4 strains of leptospirosis?
Shown to be effective for vaccination of healthy dogs 8 weeks of age or older against Leptospira canicola, L. icterohaemorrhagiae, L. pomona and L. grippotyphosa.
Where was leptospirosis first discovered?
It is estimated that one million severe cases of leptospirosis occur every year, causing about 58,900 deaths. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may arise after heavy rainfall. The disease was first described by physician Adolf Weil in 1886 in Germany.
What is the leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects humans and animals. It is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. In humans, it can cause a wide range of symptoms, some of which may be mistaken for other diseases. Some infected persons, however, may have no symptoms at all.
Where is Leptospira interrogans found?
Leptospirosis (Leptospira interrogans) is a spirochete infection that occurs worldwide except in polar regions. The organism survives best in warm, humid conditions and is most common in the tropics and subtropics, with many wild and domestic animal reservoirs including rats, mice, dogs, pigs, and cattle (Figure 70-1).
What is the structure of leptospirosis?
Structure, Classification, and Antigenic Types Leptospira is a flexible, spiral-shaped, Gram-negative spirochete with internal flagella. Leptospira interrogans has many serovars based on cell surface antigens.
What is Leptospira Canicola vaccine?
A canine vaccine against Leptospira serovars Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola and Grippotyphosa provides cross protection against Leptospira serovar Copenhageni. Vet Immunol Immunopathol.
What is Leptospira vaccine?
The leptospirosis vaccine is a non-core vaccine, which means it is an optional vaccine that dogs can benefit from based on risk for exposure to the disease. Veterinarians will recommend this vaccine based on a dog’s lifestyle and reasonable exposure risk.
What is another name for leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis, also called Weil’s disease, is an infection you can get from animals.