What are the 5 Westgard rules?
Westgard rules
| Rule | Criteria |
|---|---|
| R4s | Two measurements in the same run have a 4 standard deviation difference (such as one exceeding 2 standard deviations above the mean, and another exceeding 2 standard deviations below the mean). |
| 41s | 4 consecutive measurements exceed 1 standard deviation on the same side of the mean. |
How many Westgard rules are there?
The well-known Westgard multirule QC procedure uses 5 different control rules to judge the acceptability of an analytical run.
What is the purpose of Westgard rules?
Westgard Rules are multirule QC rules to help analyze whether or not an analytical run is in-control or out-of-control. It uses a combination of decision criteria, usually 5 different control rules to judge the acceptability of an analytical run.
What is r4s rule?
Westgard Rule R. 4s The R4s rule applies to controls within a run. If two controls exceed 4SD, that is, if one control exceeds +2SD and the other control (or another control, if more than 2 controls are tested) exceeds -2SD, the run should be rejected.
How do you read Westgard rules?
The Westgard Rules are 1S3: One value beyond 3*sigma from the mean. 2S2: Two consecutive values either greater than, or less than, 2*sigma from the mean. RS4: A difference between consecutive values greater than 4*sigma. 4S1: Four consecutive values greater than, or less than, 1*sigma from the mean.
What is IQC and EQC?
QC. Two main parts of QC can be distinguished: internal (IQC) and external (EQC). All laboratories must have IQC to be able to provide reliable results. EQC is necessary to allow comparisons of results from different laboratories.
What is Levey Jenning chart?
A Levey–Jennings chart is a graph that quality control data is plotted on to give a visual indication whether a laboratory test is working well. The distance from the mean is measured in standard deviations. It is named after Stanley Levey and E. R.
What is the purpose of IQC?
The main objective of IQC is to ensure day-to-day consistency of an analytical process and thus help to determine whether patient results are reliable enough to be released. The required quality and assay performance varies between analytes as does the definition of a clinically significant error.
What is Six Sigma concept in quality management?
Six Sigma is a method that provides organizations tools to improve the capability of their business processes. This increase in performance and decrease in process variation helps lead to defect reduction and improvement in profits, employee morale, and quality of products or services.
What is the difference between TQM and ISO?
TQM is identified to be for internal organisational use and tends to go beyond customer satisfaction, while ISO 9000 is only for external assessment needs in order of achieving customer satisfaction.
Who is Levey-Jennings?
Levey–Jennings chart It is named after Stanley Levey and E. R. Jennings, pathologists who suggested in 1950 that Shewhart’s individuals control chart could be used in the clinical laboratory. The date and time, or more often the number of the control run, is plotted on the x-axis.
Which Westgard is systematic error?
41s rule: This rule applies when four consecutive control samples all exceed the +1 or the -1 limit. The controls could be normal, abnormal, or a combination of the two. This rule detects systematic errors.
What is Iqc policy?
A general strategy for IQC implementation is recommended that employs a three-stage design in which the first stage provides high error detection, the second stage low false rejection and the third stage prescribes the length of the analytical run, making use of an algorithm involving the average of normal patients’ …
What is IQC and Oqc?
Incoming Quality Control (IQC) during the first-article inspection. 2. In-Process Quality Control (IPQC) when the product is 30-50% complete. 3. Outgoing Quality Control (OQC) after the product is 100% complete and.
Who is considered the father of Six Sigma?
Six Sigma (6σ) is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement. It was introduced by American engineer Bill Smith while working at Motorola in 1986.
What is redirected from Westgard rules?
(Redirected from Westgard Rules) The Westgard rules are a set of statistical patterns, each being unlikely to occur by random variability, thereby raising a suspicion of faulty accuracy or precision of the measurement system. They are used for laboratory quality control, in “runs” consisting of measurements of multiple samples.
How old is James Westerfield?
James A. Westerfield (22 March 1913 – 20 September 1971) was an American actor of stage, film, and television.
What happened to George Westerfield’s wife?
In the 1950s, Westerfield’s wife was the former Frances Lansing, who had been an actress. Later, Westerfield was married to Alice G. Fay (an actress under the name Fay Tracey). Westerfield died from a heart attack in Woodlands Hills, California, at the age of 58.
Where did Bob Westerfield grow up?
Westerfield was born in Nashville, Tennessee, to candy-maker Brasher Omier Westerfield and his wife Dora Elizabeth Bailey. He was raised in Detroit, Michigan. (A news story in the June 12, 1949, issue of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle calls the information in the preceding sentence into question.