How wastewater is treated in Malaysia?
PUBLIC SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS IN MALAYSIA In Malaysia, extensive use has been made of primary treatment systems such as communal septic tank’s and Imhoff tanks and unreliable low cost secondary systems such as oxidation ponds. In addition, large urban areas utilise Individual Septic Tanks (IST).
What is the standard use in Malaysia for effluent discharge?
Malaysian standard A prescribed that the effluent discharge limit of phosphorus into any inland water within the catchment is 5 mg/L and standard B to any other inland water or Malaysian waters is 10 mg/L (Kutty et al., 2014).
How many wastewater treatment plants are there in Malaysia?
5,800 wastewater treatment facilities
(3) Present wastewater management in Malaysia IWK operates and maintains about 5,800 wastewater treatment facilities all over the country, which cover a population equivalent (PE) of 19,500,000 people (2010).
How is industrial effluent treated?
Treatment methods are often specific to the material being treated. Methods include advanced oxidation processing, distillation, adsorption, ozonation, vitrification, incineration, chemical immobilisation or landfill disposal.
What is STP system?
Straight-through processing is an automated process done purely through electronic transfers with no manual intervention involved. Its popular uses are in payment processing as well as the processing of securities trades.
What are the steps of wastewater treatment?
The Wastewater Treatment Process
- Stage One — Bar Screening.
- Stage Two — Screening.
- Stage Three — Primary Clarifier.
- Stage Four — Aeration.
- Stage Five — Secondary Clarifier.
- Stage Six — Chlorination (Disinfection)
- Stage Seven — Water Analysis & Testing.
- Stage Eight — Effluent Disposal.
What is meant by industrial effluent?
Industrial effluents are discharges from various industries, and various organic pollutants have been found in different water resources. They belong to various classes such as pesticides, fertilizers, hydrocarbons, phenols, plasticizers, biphenyls, detergents, oils, greases, pharmaceuticals, etc. [83].
What is iets system?
“Industrial Effluent Treatment System (IETS) refers to any facility including the effluent collection system, designed and also constructed for the purpose of reducing the potential of industrial effluent or mixed effluent that causes pollution,” explained Dr Wun.
Which government agencies regulate the water services in Malaysia?
Within the executive branch of the federal government, the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water is in charge of setting water supply and sanitation policies. It is assisted by two technical agencies under its supervision: The water supply department (JBA) and the sewerage services department (JPP).
How many water treatment plants are there in Selangor?
34 Water Treatment Plants
Air Selangor’s total of 34 Water Treatment Plants (WTPs), 7 dams and 2 off-river storage system (ORS) produce an average of about 4,900 million litres of water per day to 8.3 million residents and various businesses in our service area.
What is industrial ETP?
• ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) is a process design for treating the. industrial waste water for its reuse or safe disposal to the environment. • Influent: Untreated industrial waste water.
What are the three phases for the treatment of industrial effluents?
Treatment of industrial effluents can be done in three phases.
- (a) Primary treatment by mechanical means. This involves screening, grinding, flocculation, and sedimentation.
- (b) Secondary treatment by biological process.
- (c) Tertiary treatment by biological, chemical and physical processes.
What is difference between STP and ETP?
1- ETP may be a system that removes toxic and non-toxic material from water and making it usable for various purposes. STP unit removes contaminants from municipal wastewater or household sewage. 2- ETP is employed in industrial areas whereas STP cleanses household water.
What is industrial effluent monitoring?
Effluent Biomonitoring Industrial effluents are one of the major sources of direct and continuous input of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems. Conventional monitoring of industrial effluents is based on physicochemical measurements to determine the ‘total’ concentration of a particular analyte in the effluent.
What are the main water management strategies for Malaysia?
The strategy is to:
- Develop federal, state and cross-sectoral coordination mechanisms for river basin management.
- Develop mechanisms for effective stakeholder participation.
- Ensure equitable sharing of water resources in each river basin.
- Manage river basins through the ecosystem approach.